系統
系統:  DRH 
キーワード:  遺伝性化学発がん耐性・多段階発がん後期 
由来:  クローズドコロニーであるDonryuラット(日本ラット、浦和)を発がん物質である3'-メチル-4-ジメチルアミノアゾベンゼン(3'-Me-DAB)を含有する飼料で飼育し、兄妹交配を20代以上繰り返しつつ発がんラットを淘汰することにより得られた[東胤昭氏(元阪大、バイオメディカルセンター)]。現在、普通飼料でも発がん耐性は固定され、近交系であることを確認、セアック吉富(福岡)で、SPFグレードでDRH/Seaとして維持・市販されている。 
表現型・病態:  F344と DRH/Seaとを交配したF1ラットでは 3'-Me-DAB投与による肝RNAのGST-P mRNAの誘導は親株のF344ラットと比較して顕著に抑制される。さらにF344 X DRHF1ラットを兄妹交配し得たF2ラット108匹を3'-Me-DAB処理8週間後に、肝のGST-P陽性fociの数、平均サイズ、GST-P陽性fociによって占められる肝の面積比などの連鎖解析を行い、化学発がん感受性に関する原因遺伝子の染色体上での座位を解析し、ラット第1および第4染色体に夫々マップされ、さらに詳細に解析中である。 
病因(原因遺伝子):  多段階発がんのイニシエーションよりも後期のプロモーションあるいはプログレッションの段階での発がんを左右、または遅らせることに関する遺伝子の解明に適したモデルラットであると考えられる。 
臨床への応用、有用性:  セアック吉冨株式会社
(2002年4月30日現在) 
維持機関:  Yan Y, Zeng ZZ, Higashi S, Denda A, Konishi Y, Onishi S, Ueno H, Higashi K, Hiai H. Resistance of DRH strain rats to chemical carcinogenesis of liver: genetic analysis of later progression stage. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Jan;23:189-96. Hamada S, Yamasaki KI, Nakanishi S, Omori T, Serikawa T, Hayashi M. Evaluation of the general suitability of the rat for the micronucleus assay: the effect of cyclophosphamide in 14 strains. Mutat Res. 2001 Aug 22;495:127-34. Hirano T, Higashi K, Sakai A, Tsurutome Y, Ootsumura Y, Kido R & Kasai H Analyses of oxidative DNA damage and its repair activity in the livers of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-treated rodents. Jpn.J.Cancer Res.91:681-685, 2000 Todaka N, Higashi K, Abe T, Yamashiro K & Hiai H Investigation of possible involvement of several genes related to development of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. J Univ Occup Environm Health 22: ll9-l32, 2000 Zeng ZZ, Higashi S, Kitayama W, Denda A, Yan Y, Matsuo K, Konishi Y, Hiai H, Higashi K. Genetic resistance to chemical carcinogen-induced preneoplastic hepatic lesions in DRH strain rats. Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 1;60:2876-81. Yamashiro K, Yan Y, Fukamachi Y, Gotoh S, Higashi K, Ohtsuki M, Hamada Y, Higashi T. Blunt cell growth potential in carcinogen resistant inbred DRH rats. Exp Anim. 2000 Jan;49:47-50. 
文献:  Yoshimoto F, Masuda S, Higashi T, Nishii T, Takamisawa I, Tateishi N, & Sakamoto Y Comparison of drug-metabolizing activities in the livers of carcinogen-sensitive parent and carcinogen-resistant descendants. Cancer Res 45: 6155-6159, 1985 Higashi T, Fukui R, Sekiyama M, Yoshimoto F, Tateishi N & Sakamoto Y Decreased induction of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene in the liver of rats given carcinogen-containing diet for several generations. Jpn J Cancer Res 77: 139-144, 1986 Yano M, Higashi T, Kano S, Tateishi N, Kido Y, Mori T, Higashi K, & Sakamoto Y Decreased activation of carcinogens in the liver of carcinogen-resistant rats. Cancer Res 49:5352-5357, 1989 Masuda S Mechanism of resistance to hepatocarcinogenic action of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene in genetically carcinogen-resistant rats. Med J Osaka Univ 42:103-117, 1990. (in Japanese, abstract in English). Hamada H, Higashi T, Tateishi N, Hanatani M & Sakamoto Y Lipid peroxidation in the liver of carcinogen-resistant rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 1045: 99-106, 1990 Yan Y, Higashi K, Yamamura K, Fukamachi Y, Abe T, Gotoh S, Sugiura T, Higashi T, & Ichiba M Different responses other than the formation of DNA-adducts between the livers of carcinogen-resistant rats (DRH) and carcinogen-sensitive rats (Donryu) to 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene administration. Jpn J Cancer Res 89: 806-813, 1998 Yan Y, Higashi K, Tanimoto A, Fukamachi Y, Itoh H, Abe T & Higashi T Remarkable difference in the incidence of liver tumors by N-nitrosodimethylamine in carcinogen-resistant DRH rat and its parental strain Donryu rat. J Univ Occup Environm Health 20: 307-314, 1998 Denda A, Kitayama W, Konishi Y, Yan Y, Fukamachi Y, Miura M, Gotoh S, Ikemura K, Abe T, Higashi T & Higashi K Genetic properties for the suppression of development of putative preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in the liver of carcinogen-resistant DRH strain rats. Cancer Let 140: 59-67, 1999 Yan Y, Todaka N, Yamamura K, Hirano H, Gotoh S, Katoh T, Higashi K, Arai S, Murata Y, Higashi T & Jirtle R L The occurence of polymorphism of mannose 6-phosphate/insulin like growth factor 2 receptor gene in laboratory and wild rats. J Univ Occup Environm Health 21: 199-208, 1999 Goth S, Todaka N, Yan Y, Fukamachi Y, Abe T & Higashi K Studies on the multidrug resistance gene expression in the livers of rats associated with different susceptibility of hepatocarcinogenesis. J Univ Occup Environm Health 21: 265-276, 1999 Mise-Omata S, Sugiura T, Higashi K & Yamashita U Reduced T cell response in carcinogen-sensitive Donryu rats compared with carcinogen-resistant DRH rats. Jpn J Cancer Res 90: 1277-1284, 1999 Yamashiro K, Yan Y, Fukamachi Y, Gotoh S, Higashi K, Ohtsuki M, Hamada Y & Higashi T Blunt cell growth potential in carcinogen resistant inbred DRH rats. Exp Anim 49: 47-50, 2000 Zeng Z-Z, Higashi S, Kitayama W, Denda A, Yan Y, Matsuo K, Konishi Y, Hiai H & Higashi K Genetic resistance to chemical carcinogen-induced preneoplastic hepatic lesions in DRH strain rats. Cancer Res.60: 2876-2881, 2000 Todaka N, Higashi K, Abe T, Yamashiro K & Hiai H Investigation of possible involvement of several genes related to development of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. J Univ Occup Environm Health 22: ll9-l32, 2000 Hirano T, Higashi K, Sakai A, Tsurutome Y, Ootsumura Y, Kido R & Kasai H Analyses of oxidative DNA damage and its repair activity in the livers of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-treated rodents. Jpn.J.Cancer Res.91:681-685, 2000 Ying Yan, Zhao-Zhu Zeng, Shin Higashi, Ayumi Zenda, Yoichi Konishi, Shunzo Onishi, Hiraku Ueno, Ken Higashi, and Hiroshi Hiai Resistance of DRH strain rats to chemical carcinogenesis of liver: genetic analysis of later progression stage. Carcinogenesis 23:189-196, 2002  
執筆者記録:  東 監(産業医科大学)2002年4月30日, TS:4/21/03 
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